Abdullah ibn Qami'ah

ʿAbdullāh ibn Qamiʾah was a Qurashī fighter at the Battle of Uḥud responsible for two of the war's most consequential moments. Charging on horseback, he raised his sword against the Prophet (ﷺ); Ṭalḥah ibn ʿUbaydillāh deflected most of the blow with his shield, but the strike still drove the Prophet's own armor-link into his cheek, wounding him. Later in the chaos, Ibn Qamiʾah killed Muṣʿab ibn ʿUmayr, who physically resembled the Prophet (ﷺ) and may have been wearing a cloak borrowed from him. Believing he had killed the Prophet (ﷺ) himself, Ibn Qamiʾah shouted at the top of his lungs, "Qataltu Muḥammadan!, I have killed Muḥammad!" The false rumor spread rapidly through both armies, demoralizing the Muslims and prompting much of the Qurayshi army to withdraw, believing their objective achieved, an outcome that, in hindsight, spared the Muslims from an even greater rout.