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Amr ibn Sa'da

عَمْرُو بْنُ سَعْدَى

ʿAmr ibn Saʿdā

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Biography

ʿAmr ibn Saʿdā was one of the very few members of Banū Qurayẓah, perhaps the only one by name, who publicly and vocally refused to go along with Kaʿb ibn Asad's decision to break the tribe's treaty with the Prophet during the Battle of the Trench (5 AH), declaring he would never betray Muḥammad . Despite his stance, he remained inside the besieged fortress with the rest of his people. On the final night of the siege, sensing the tribe's imminent surrender and no longer feeling bound to share their fate, he slipped out past the Muslim sentries. Muḥammad ibn Maslamah, on guard duty, recognized him and, moved by ʿAmr's known refusal to join the betrayal, let him pass unchallenged rather than detain or kill him. ʿAmr made his way to Madinah, stayed the night, and disappeared the following morning; what became of him afterward is unknown. When the Prophet later learned what had happened, he remarked that ʿAmr was a man Allah had saved because of his honesty and faithfulness to his word, even though he had never accepted Islam.

Significance

His escape, permitted by Muhammad ibn Maslamah and later approved by the Prophet (SAW), is cited as clear evidence that Banu Qurayzah were punished for their collective act of treachery rather than for their ethnicity or religion, since a non-Muslim member of the same tribe who kept his word was spared

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