Ruqayyah bint Muhammad

Ruqayyah رضي الله عنها was the second daughter of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم and Khadījah رضي الله عنها. She married ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān رضي الله عنه.

She and ʿUthmān were the first couple to emigrate for the sake of Islām, the first Hijra, to Abyssinia, in Rajab of the fifth year of the Dawah. The Prophet's صلى الله عليه وسلم own daughter was the first Muslim woman to make the Hijra.

She returned from Abyssinia when conditions seemed to improve, but later emigrated again to Madīnah. She fell ill during the preparations for the Battle of Badr. ʿUthmān stayed behind to care for her, which is why he did not participate in Badr. She died before Badr was completed; the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم received the news of the victory of Badr and the death of his daughter at roughly the same time.

After her death, the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم gave his other daughter Umm Kulthūm in marriage to ʿUthmān, which is why ʿUthmān is called Dhū al-Nūrayn (the one with two lights): he married two daughters of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم.