Tulayhah al-Asadi

Ṭulayḥah al-Asadī was the chieftain of Banū Asad and one of the leaders of the Confederate (Aḥzāb) army that besieged Madinah in 5 AH, at the time not a Muslim. His tribe outwardly embraced Islam during the ʿĀm al-Wufūd (9 AH), and Ṭulayḥah sent his own delegation to the Prophet ﷺ at that time. Immediately after the Prophet's ﷺ death, however, Ṭulayḥah was among roughly ten individuals across Arabia who declared themselves prophets during the Riddah, ranked as the third most prominent of the false prophets after Musaylimah and Sajāḥ, claiming to receive his own revelation. Khālid ibn al-Walīd was sent against his tribe and crushed it; Ṭulayḥah himself fled on a horse he had kept saddled in readiness for exactly this outcome, making his way to Syria.

In Syria, Ṭulayḥah's repentance became genuine, and he returned to Madinah to seek forgiveness directly from Abū Bakr, who accepted his repentance. Though not counted among the Ṣaḥābah, since he never saw the Prophet ﷺ as a believer, Ṭulayḥah spent the rest of his life visibly burdened by guilt over his false claim of prophethood, repeatedly asking Allah to grant him martyrdom (shahādah) in compensation. He fought under Khālid ibn al-Walīd in the Muslim conquests and is reported to have played a significant role at the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah against the Persians, where he was killed as a martyr.