Uyaynah ibn Hisn

ʿUyaynah ibn Ḥiṣn was the chieftain of Banū Fazārah, a branch of the Ghaṭafān confederation, and one of the leaders of the Confederate (Aḥzāb) army that besieged Madinah in 5 AH. Classical sources describe him as typifying the crude manners (jafā') of the Bedouin far removed from settled etiquette, Dr. Yasir Qadhi relates that he once barged into the Prophet's ﷺ home unannounced, before Ḥijāb had been revealed, brushing off the Prophet's ﷺ mild rebuke about seeking permission (isti'dhān) by declaring he had never once in his life asked permission of a Muḍarī to enter his own house. He then referred to ʿĀ'ishah, present at the time, as "this red-cheeked little one" and crudely offered to trade the Prophet ﷺ one of his own wives for her, a pre-Islamic custom the Prophet ﷺ told him Allah had made forbidden. After ʿUyaynah left, the Prophet ﷺ told ʿĀ'ishah that he was "the fool who is obeyed by his people" (al-aḥmaq al-muṭāʿ), and explained that he had remained outwardly courteous with him only because the worst of people are those one must be gracious to solely to be spared their harm.

According to reports in the classical histories, ʿUyaynah became chieftain of his tribe by a dark route: his dying father, in unbearable pain, asked each of his ten sons in turn to kill him to end his suffering; each refused in horror except ʿUyaynah, who agreed on condition that whoever obeyed their father's wish would inherit the chieftainship, and did the deed. Years after the Battle of the Trench, ʿUyaynah outwardly accepted Islam along with the rest of Arabia, but apostatized to follow the false prophet Ṭulayḥah after the Prophet's ﷺ death. Captured by Khālid ibn al-Walīd during the Wars of Riddah and brought bound to Madinah, he reportedly told his captors he had never truly believed in Islam in the first place. Abū Bakr, wary of provoking his tribe, spared him, and he outwardly returned to Islam once more.